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Wildfires present an increasing threat to communities through impacts that include destruction of homes or outbuildings, evacuations, damage to public infrastructure, and economic disruption. Effective fire management entails identifying and…
Author(s): Alex W. Kirkpatrick
Year Published:

The location of shelters in different areas threatened by wildfires is one of the possible ways to reduce fatalities in a context of an increasing number of catastrophic and severe wildfires. These shelters will enable the population in the area to…
Author(s): Marc Demange, Virginie Gabrel, Marcel A. Haddad, Cécile Murat
Year Published:

In 2018, Fire Management Today carried an article on smoke exposure (6 Minutes for Safety 2018). The article describes actions you can take to mitigate smoke exposure and techniques for reducing the exposure of firefighters to heavy smoke. The…
Author(s): Randall C. Thomas
Year Published:

Wildfire disaster risks are being heighted globally due to climate change. Here, we present a United States-based wildfire case study of the northern Rocky Mountains to investigate links between wildfire experience, knowledge, and perceived risk due…
Author(s): Christopher A. Craig, Myria W. Allen, Song Feng, Matthew L. Spialek
Year Published:

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the potential for co-occurring wildfires pose health threats to people around the globe. Along with the direct impacts of wildfires, exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5)—pollution composed of small inhalable…
Author(s): Francisca N. Santana, Stephanie L. Fischer, Marika O. Jaeger, Gabrielle Wong-Parodi
Year Published:

Wildland fire occurrence is highly variable in time and space, and in the United States where total area burned can vary substantially, acquiring resources (firefighters, engines, aircraft, etc.) to respond to fire demand is an important…
Author(s): Erin J. Belval, Crystal S. Stonesifer, David E. Calkin
Year Published:

Natural disasters are inherently traumatic. The unexpected, unpredictable, threatening, and overwhelming nature of these events can be destabilising and distressing, potentially leading to psychological trauma (Substance Abuse & Mental Health…
Author(s): Sancia West, Denis C. Visentin, Amanda Neil, Grad Dip, Rachel Kornhaber, Valerie Ingham, Michelle Cleary
Year Published:

Recovery after a wildfire is a process, both at the community or larger scale and for individuals. The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR) defines recovery as, “The restoring or improving of livelihoods and health, as well as…
Author(s): Tara K. McGee, Sarah M. McCaffrey, Fantina Tedim
Year Published:

The Wildfire Research Center (WiRe Center) works with wildfire practitioners seeking to create communities that are adapted to wildfire using an evidenced-based approach. Historically, immediate threats and wildfire suppression have garnered much…
Author(s): Hannah Brenkert-Smith, Patricia A. Champ, Jonathan Riley, Christopher M. Barth, Colleen Donovan, James R. Meldrum, Carolyn Wagner
Year Published:

Municipal firefighters count on their protective garments to avoid skin burns caused by thermal and flame exposures. Typical firefighting garment consists of three layers of different fire-resistant fabrics named as outer shell, moisture barrier and…
Author(s): Ahmed Ghazy
Year Published:

As wildfire seasons have expanded in duration and intensity, the effort and dedication required of wildland firefighters have increased (Withen 2015). Firefighters now work from April, when fuels first become available for burning, until well into…
Author(s): Ben McLane
Year Published:

Purpose of Review: Science plays a critical role in natural resource management, and the use of science in decision-making is mandated by several policy initiatives. Other disciplines have documented the challenges associated with applying science…
Author(s): Molly E. Hunter, Melanie M. Colavito, Vita Wright
Year Published:

Smoke from bushfires (also known as wildfires or forest fires) has blanketed large regions of Australia during the southern hemisphere summer of 2019/2020, potentially endangering residents who breathe the polluted air. While such air pollution is…
Author(s): Laura A. Milton, Anthony R. White
Year Published:

Leader-and-follower behaviour is one of the most important behaviours during evacuation, as determining the effect of leader-and-follower behaviour in social networks on crowd evacuation during emergency situations is important for enhancing safety…
Author(s): Ning Ding, Chang Sun
Year Published:

Disasters have become increasingly common, calling for the need to more fully understand the impacts of such events. This article presents a scoping review of the psychosocial impacts of wildland fires on children, adolescents and family functioning…
Author(s): Judith C. Kulig, Julia Dabravolskaj
Year Published:

Wildfire is a natural element of many ecosystems as well as a natural disaster to be prevented. Climate and land usage changes have increased the number and size of wildfires in the last few decades. In this situation, governments must be able to…
Author(s): Adán Rodríguez-Martínez, Begoña Vitoriano
Year Published:

Recent years have witnessed a growing number of stories about extreme wildfires that have had significant social impacts, from Australia to Portugal to California. Although this has heightened the call to find ways to better “coexist with fire,” it…
Author(s): Sarah M. McCaffrey, Tara K. McGee, Michael R. Coughlan, Fantina Tedim
Year Published:

This paper presents the results of an explorative survey, based on a questionnaire sent by email, about how wildfire experts, operating in different countries, perceive wildfire and express their mindset by defining “wildfire” from a list of 14…
Author(s): Fantina Tedim, Vittorio Leone
Year Published:

Hiking with a pack is the highest-intensity task that wildland firefighters (WLFFs) perform during sustained activities related to wildland fire suppression. Firefighters perform this and other tasks together as a crew; this provides a unique model…
Author(s): Steven E. Gaskill, Charles L. Dumke, Charles G. Palmer, Brent Ruby, Joseph W. Domitrovich, Joseph A. Sol
Year Published:

This document is a chapter within the Encyclopedia of Wildfires and Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Fires Living Edition. A fire adapted community (FAC) is comprised of residents, land management professionals, local politicians, emergency managers,…
Author(s): Travis B. Paveglio, Catrin Edgeley
Year Published: