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Declines in habitat of greater sage-grouse and Gunnison sage-grouse across the western United States are related to degradation, loss, and fragmentation of sagebrush ecosystems resulting from development of agricultural lands, grazing practices,…
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The widespread occurrence of big sagebrush can be attributed to many adaptive features. Big sagebrush plays an essential role in its communities by providing wildlife habitat, modifying local environmental conditions, and facilitating the…
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Habitats and populations of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) have declined throughout western North America in response to a myriad of detrimental land uses. Successful restoration of this species' habitat, therefore, is of keen…
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The processes of vegetation change over time, or plant succession, are also the processes involved in plant community restoration. Restoration efforts attempt to use designed disturbance, seedbed preparation and sowing methods, and selection of…
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Crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum sensu amplo [L.] Gaertn.) is an introduced, caespitose grass that has been seeded on millions of acres of Western rangelands. In some areas, crested wheatgrass seedings overlap with critical sage-grouse (…
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The sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystem once occupied over 150 million acres of western North America (Barbour and Billings 1988). The ecosystem still occupies over 100 million acres (Connelly et al. 2004, Wisdom et al. 2005), but the abundance and…
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Low-elevation ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex. Laws.) forests of the northern Rocky Mountains historically experienced frequent low-intensity fires that maintained open uneven-aged stands. A century of fire exclusion has contributed to…
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We propose a modified algorithm for the gradient method to determine the near-edge smoke plume boundaries using backscatter signals of a scanning lidar. The running derivative of the ratio of the signalstandard deviation (STD) to the accumulated sum…
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Prior to Euro-American settlement, dry ponderosa pine and mixed conifer forests (hereafter, the 'dry forests') of the Inland Northwest were burned by frequent low- or mixed-severity fires. These mostly surface fires maintained low and…
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The complex topography of the inland northwestern U.S. (58.4 million ha) interacts with continental and maritime air masses to create a highly variable climate, which results in a variety of forest settings. Historically (1850 to 1900),…
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The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) mandates that the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) conduct an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) as its fire management policy evolves to cope with a legacy of over 100 years of fire suppression on national…
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Forest land conditions affect the potential of U.S. forests to sustain a wide array of forest goods and environmental services (e.g., biodiversity) that society demands. Forest survey data collected by U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service…
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Prescribed fire can be the most practical and affordable way to reduce dangerous accumulations of combustible fuels. At the same time, prescribed fire can help restore the ecological process of fire to fire-adapted ecosystems through its influence…
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ANNOTATION: This document synthesizes the relevant scientific knowledge that can assist fuel-treatment projects on national forests and other public lands and contribute to National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) analyses and other assessments. It…
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This document contains a description of the air quality forecasting system in operation at the Missoula Fire Science Laboratory. This air quality forecasting system has been steadily assimilating new techniques and algorithms as they have been…
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In this rapid response project, we have collected data on post-fire effects and pre-fire fuels and vegetation from 10 large fires that burned in 2003 and 2004. We use field and remotely sensed data collected during and soon after wildfires to…
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The ponderosa pine ecosystems of the West have change dramatically since Euro-American settlement 140 years ago due to past land uses and the curtailment of natural fire. Today, ponderosa pine forests contain overabundance of fuel, and stand…
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Threat from wildfire can be greatly minimized through proactive efforts that reduce and slow spread through use of green strips or fuel breaks, and decrease fire volatility by reducing fuel load. This results in greater safety to fire fighters and…
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