Forest land conditions affect the potential of U.S. forests to sustain a wide array of forest goods and environmental services (e.g., biodiversity) that society demands. Forest survey data collected by U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) units are being used in long-term assessments of U.S. forest land conditions at large scales. Resources Planning Act assessments, which employ a system of models, and FIA data enable a proactive examination of forest resources by projecting long-term changes in forest area and other forest ecosystem attributes in regional and national studies of forest sustainability. Forest land values provide informational signals on what amounts and types of forest land are likely and prospects for the provision of mixes of land-based goods and services. A key part of those land use changes, development of rural land, is related to population growth and affects forest land values, forest fragmentation, forest parcelization, and ownership changes. The FIA survey planning and related assessments would be enhanced by a unified framework, constructed at a scale that adequately serves all assessment areas, to analyze future land conditions.