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Development of equations for predicting fuel bed depth (called "bulk depth" herein) appropriate for modeling fire behavior in slash is described. Bulk depth (y) was correlated with the expected number of 1/4-to 1-inch-diameter particle…
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In preparing a state-of-knowledge review for fire and fauna, our basic reference source was the chapter "Effects of Fire on Birds and Mammals," by J. F. Bendell (1974) in the book "Fire and Ecosystems". In addition to summarizing this 52-page paper…
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Sorption studies of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) needles and litter beds of current year cast show a shorter response time and lower equilibrium moisture contents than most other conifer needle data in the literature. For conditions below…
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This report presents tables and equations for estimating total cubic volumes of wood, wood residue, and bark for ponderosa pine, western larch, and Douglas fir. The equations and tables provide a means for estimating wood and bark residue volumes…
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In a western larch/Douglas-fir forest type in western Montana, 9 spring and 11 fall under story burns were conducted. Multiple regression equations related the number of Vaccinium globulare (blue huckleberry) stems present 1 and 2 years after fire…
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As an aid to managing fuel and wood debris, procedures are provided for predicting weights of slash using tables of either slash weight per tree by d.b.h., or slash weight including crowns (live and dead foliage and branchwood) and unmerchantable…
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In an area of 21 km2 where fires have produced a mosaic of forest communities, including subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa), Engelman spruce (Picea engelmannii) and lodgepole pine, results from 255 track observations, 80 captures of 13 live-trapped…
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Toxicities of four chemical forest fire retardants, Fire-Trol 100 and 931 (ammonium sulfate or polyphosphate with an attapulgite clay thickener) and Phos-Chek 202 A and 259 (diammonium phosphate with a guar gum derivative thickener) were determined…
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Twenty control burns performed with a wide range of fuel loadings and moisture conditions were used to study the effectiveness of old fuel reduction under standing Douglas-fir/larch forest. This paper reports the influence of burning on nutrient…
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Prescribed burning under mature Larch/Douglas-fir forests produced changes in elemental uptake. Elemental analyses of individual species and existing biomass three years post-burn from hot, medium, and lightly burned sites and unburned controls…
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Guidelines are offered for safe, effective fire treatments in western larch/Douglas-fir forests. Describes procedures for estimating and limiting the scorching of tree crows. Provides a method for predicting percentage of the forest floor that will…
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This thesis documents the fire history and assesses the role of fire in the western larch/Douglas-fir forest of the Coram Experimental Forest in northwestern Montana. Primary attention was given to the frequency, areal spread, relative severity, and…
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An improved version is presented of a method previously used [see FA 40, 169]. Instructions are given for: laying out transects; gathering stand data, including documenting fire-scarred trees; sampling fire-scarred trees; laboratory analysis of tree…
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The purpose of this study which was conducted in 1974 and 1975 was to investigate the effects of the Fitz Creek fire of August, 1973 upon the benthic community of White Cap Creek which was partially surrounded by the bum. Study sections of White Cap…
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Presents frequencies, intensities, and influences of fire on stand structure and composition on the Bitterroot National Forest in west-central Montana. Three study areas were established, each having a wide range of elevations and forest types.…
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Problems being encountered in implementing fire prevention programs were explored by studying the organization for fire prevention at the Fish Lake, Uinta, and Wasatch National Forests in Utah. The study focused on role congruency in fire prevention…
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In the year following the 1961 Sleeping Child forest fire on the Bitterroot National Forest, Montana, 11 permanent transects were established within the burn. Vegetation development was recorded through 1973, but only four transects were considered…
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From the text ... 'The quantitative effects of the reduction in soil-water loss by evapotranspiration vary under different physiographic conditions, intensities or vegetation removal or deadening, and the kind of vegetation removed. Intense wildfire…
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Concentration of Na, K, Ca, Mg, and N in precipitation falling through smoke during a forest fire was 20 to 70 times greater than in normal precipitation. Climatic conditions during the Pine Creek fire in central Idaho were optimal for collecting…
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Equations were developed for estimating fuel loading (g/m2) of grasses, narrow-leaved forbs, broad-leaved forbs, and small woody plants common to western Montana and north Idaho. Independent variables were plant height and percentage of ground…
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