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Uncertainty in surface-fire history: the case of ponderosa pine forests in the western United States
Present understanding of fire ecology in forests subject to surface fires is based on fire-scar evidence. We present theory and empirical results that suggest that fire-history data have uncertainties and biases when used to estimate the population…
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Wildfire and forest operations remove vegetation and disturb forest soils. Both of these effects can lead to an increased risk of soil erosion. Operations to reduce forest fuel loads, however, may reduce the risk of wildfire. This paper presents…
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Wildfires in the Colorado Front Range can trigger dramatic increases in runoff and erosion. A better understanding of the causes of these increases is needed to predict the effects of future wildfires, estimate runoff and erosion risks from…
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Our objective was to document the effect of fire-history sampling on the mortality of mature ponderosa pine trees in Oregon. We examined 138 trees from which fire-scarred partial cross sections had been removed five to six years earlier, and 386…
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We monitored the response of cavity-nesting species to three snag density treatments (high = 37-80 snags/ha, medium = 15-35 snags/ha, and low = 0-12 snags/ha) during two breeding seasons 4-5 yr post-fire and logging in Douglas-fir- ponderosa pine…
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Riparian habitats in eastern Oregon and Washington compose a small percentage of the landscape, and yet these habitats are essential for many species of vertebrates. Riparian areas are sensitive to disturbance agents, which can pose a formidable…
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In recent decades, whitebark pine has been declining due to epidemics and fire exclusion (Keane and Arno 1993; Kendall and Arno 1990). In the northern Rocky Mountains, a project is underway to explore the feasibility of using fire and silviculture…
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This FEIS species review synthesizes information on the relationship of Nassella viridula (green needlegrass) to fire--how fire affects the species and its habitat, effects of the species on fuels and fire regimes, and fire management considerations…
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Factors related to the composition of riparian forest stands on three streams in the northern Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forest type were related to proximity to the water course and years since fire. Using a linear regression analysis 46 variables…
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Old forests are important carbon pools, but are thought to be insignificant as current atmospheric carbon sinks. This perception is based on the assumption that changes in productivity with age in complex, multiaged, multispecies natural forests can…
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Innovative techniques are needed to restore the health of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) communities in the northern Rocky Mountains of the United States, inland West, and adjacent areas of Canada, because of the detrimental effects of the exotic…
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This review summarizes information that was available in the scientific literature as of 2020 on the biology, ecology, and effects of fire on diffuse knapweed in North America. Diffuse knapweed is not native in North America and is invasive in…
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In subalpine forests of the northern Rocky Mountains, fire exclusion has contributed to large-scale shifts from early-successional whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) to late-successional subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.), a…
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Effects of fire, forest insects and diseases, grazing, and forest health treatments on fish populations and habitat are reviewed. Fire, insects, and disease affect fish habitat by their influence on the rate and volume of woody debris recruitment to…
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Coarse woody debris (CWD) biomass was measured and mapped in burned, clearcut, and intact lodgepole pine forests in two areas of the Rocky Mountains of Wyoming: the Medicine Bow National Forest (MBNF) and Yellowstone National Park (YNP). In addition…
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This FEIS species review synthesizes information on the relationship of Cirsium arvense (Canada thistle) to fire--how fire affects the species and its habitat, invasiveness of the species, effects of the species on fuels and fire regimes, and fire…
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Reports the findings of a study comparing the results of instruments measuring smoke particulate in real time to gravimetric samplers in Missoula and Hamilton, Montana, during the summer of 2000. Real-time, particulate monitoring instruments were…
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The Mortar Creek Fire burned 26 000 ha of mixed-conifer Rocky Mountain forest in July-August 1979. Changes in burn stream conditions were examined relative to reference streams for various ecological factors on two to six occasions, from October…
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Aspen exhibits a variety of ecological roles. In southern Colorado, the 1880 landscape mosaic contained a range of stand ages, of which half were >70 years old and half were younger. Pure aspen stands in southern Colorado are widespread and may…
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