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The surface fire spread involved slope and wind effects are significantly important in wildland fires, while very limited attention has been paid on the heat transfer mechanism, especially for different fire line conditions. This work experimentally…
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An atmospheric river (AR) is a strong filamentary water vapor transport that plays a critical role in regional hydroclimate systems. While climate conditions can affect wildfire activities, the process by which ARs are associated with wildfire…
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Sagebrush ecosystems in the United States have been declining since EuroAmerican settlement, largely due to agricultural and urban development, invasive species, and altered fire regimes, resulting in loss of biodiversity and wildlife habitat. To…
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Background: Previously established correlations of flame length L with fireline intensity IB are based on theory and data which showed that flame zone depth D of a line fire could be neglected if L was much greater than D.
Aims: We evaluated this…
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Wildfire spread models that couple physical transport and chemical kinetics sometimes simplify or neglect gas-phase pyrolysis product oxidation chemistry. However, empirical evidence suggests that oxygen (O2) is available for gas-phase and solid-…
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Background: Historically, reburn dynamics from cultural and lightning ignitions were central to the ecology of fire in the western United States (wUS), whereby past fire effects limited future fire growth and severity. Over millennia, reburns…
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One of the worst environmental catastrophes that endanger the Australian community is wildfire. To lessen potential fire threats, it is helpful to recognize fire occurrence patterns and identify fire susceptibility in wildfire-prone regions. The use…
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A new fire danger index is proposed to overcome one of the most important limitations of current fire danger metrics. The fire occurrence probability index (FOPI) combines the Canadian fire weather index (FWI) with remote observations of vegetation…
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Wildfires affect countries worldwide as global warming increases the probability of their appearance. Monitoring vast areas of forests can be challenging due to the lack of resources and information. Additionally, early detection of wildfires can be…
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The Rothermel model, which has been widely used to predict the rate of forest fire spread, has errors that restrict its ability to reflect the actual rate of spread (ROS). In this study, the fuels from seven typical tree species in the Karst…
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Background: The models currently used to predict post-fire soil erosion risks are limited by high data demands and long computation times. An alternative is to map the potential hydrological and sediment connectivity using indices to express the…
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As 21st-century climate and disturbance dynamics depart from historical baselines, ecosystem resilience is uncertain. Multiple drivers are changing simultaneously, and interactions among drivers could amplify ecosystem vulnerability to change.…
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Many wildfire behaviour modeling studies have focused on fires during extreme conditions, where the dominant processes are resolved and smaller-scale variations have less influence on fire behaviour. As such, wildfire behaviour models typically…
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Background: Reliable wildfire prediction and efficient controlled burns require a comprehensive understanding of physical mechanisms controlling fire spread behaviour. Earlier studies explored the intermittent nature of free-burning fires, but the…
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Background: Canadian fire management agencies track drought conditions using the Drought Code (DC) in the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System. The DC represents deep organic layer moisture.
Aims: To determine if electronic soil moisture probes…
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Background: Further understanding of the effect of fuel structure on underlying physical phenomena controlling flame spread is required given the lack of a coherent porous flame spread theory.
Aims: To systematically investigate the effect of fuel…
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Background: Accurately estimating burned area from satellites is key to improving biomass burning emission models, studying fire evolution and assessing environmental impacts. Previous studies have found that current methods for estimating burned…
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Downslope wind-driven fires have resulted in many of the wildfire disasters in the western United States and represent a unique hazard to infrastructure and human life. We analyze the co-occurrence of wildfires and downslope winds across the western…
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Wildfires are a global crisis, but current fire models fail to capture vegetation response to changing climate. With drought and elevated temperature increasing the importance of vegetation dynamics to fire behavior, and the advent of next…
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The behaviour and rate of spread of a wildfire is strongly affected by local wind conditions depending on topography and surrounding vegetation. The wind speed within dense vegetation can be substantially lower than the open wind speed above the…
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