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Wildland firefighters are exposed to smoke-containing particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) while suppressing wildfires. From 2015 to 2017, the U.S. Forest Service conducted a field study collecting breathing zone…
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The ecosystem response to fire is often linked to fire severity and recurrence, with potentially larges consequences on both above- and below-ground processes. Understanding the fire impact has become increasing important in the light of recent…
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While fire is an important ecological process in the western United States, wildfire size and severity have increased over recent decades as a result of climate change, historical fire suppression, and lack of adequate fuels management. Due to the…
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Native grasslands have been vastly transformed with the expansion of human activities. Applied fire regimes offer conservation-based management an opportunity to enhance remaining grassland biodiversity and secure its persistence into the future.…
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Extreme wildfires are a major environmental and socioeconomic threat across many regions worldwide. The limits of fire suppression-centred strategies have become evident even in technologically well-equipped countries, due to high-cost and a legacy…
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During wildfire season in the western US, fire retardant chemicals are dropped from aircraft in an effort to control the spread of fire. Fire retardant dropped on sites that are not actively burning results in exceptionally high soil nitrogen (N)…
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In recent years, the importance of soil health for ecosystem functions has come further into the scientific focus (Lehmann et al., 2020). Especially after severe ecosystem disturbances, soil formation has to start anew. Such disturbances, which…
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Extreme wildfires are a major environmental and socioeconomic threat across many regions worldwide. The limits of fire suppression-centred strategies have become evident even in technologically well-equipped countries, due to high-cost and a legacy…
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Tower-mounted camera-based wildfire detection systems provide an effective means of early forest fire detection. Historically, tower sites have been identified by foresters and locals with intimate knowledge of the terrain and without the aid of…
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Wildfires present an increasing threat to communities through impacts that include destruction of homes or outbuildings, evacuations, damage to public infrastructure, and economic disruption. Effective fire management entails identifying and…
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Airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) represents the greatest ambient air pollution risk to health. Wildfires and managed burns, together referred to hereafter as ‘landscape’ fires, are a significant PM2.5 source in many regions worldwide, able…
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Simulation is used to predict the spread of a wildland fire across land in real-time. Nevertheless, the large uncertainties in these simulations must be quantified in order to provide better information to fire managers. Ensemble forecasts are…
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A methodology to quantify uncertainty in wildfire forecast using coupled fire-atmosphere computational models is presented. In these models, an atmospheric solver is coupled with a fire-spread module. In order to maintain a low computational cost,…
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Determining whether forest landscapes can maintain their resilience to fire – that is, their ability to rebound and sustain – given rapid climate change and increasing fire activity is a pressing challenge throughout the American West. Many western…
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A method for the large-eddy simulation (LES) of wildfire spread over complex terrain is presented. In this scheme, a cut-cell immersed boundary method (CC-IBM) is used to render the complex terrain, defined by a tessellation, on a rectilinear…
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Wildfire is a major driver of nitrogen (N) cycling and export from terrestrial to aquatic systems. While fire is a natural process in many watersheds, it can still degrade water quality by rapidly flushing N to streams. This can be particularly…
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Climate change is expected to increase fire activity in many regions of the globe, but the relative role of human vs. lightning-caused ignitions on future fire regimes is unclear. We developed statistical models that account for the spatiotemporal…
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Throughout the United States, wildland firefighters respond to wildfires, performing arduous work in remote locations. Wildfire incidents can be an ideal environment for the transmission of infectious diseases, particularly for wildland firefighters…
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In recent years Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have progressively been utilized for wildfire management, and are especially in prevalent in forest fire monitoring missions. To ensure the fast detection and accurate area estimation of forest fires,…
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The year 2020 brought unimaginable challenges in public health, with the confluence of the COVID-19 pandemic and wildfires across the western United States. Wildfires produce high levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Recent studies reported…
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