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The increase in severe wildfires in recent years is due in part to an abundance of fuels in forests. In an effort to protect values at risk, and decrease the severity of wildfires, forest managers have embarked on a major program of fuel reduction.…
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Fire can cause profound changes in the composition and abundance of plant and animal species, but logistics, unpredictability of weather, and inherent danger make it nearly impossible to study high-severity fire effects experimentally. We took…
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The Scripps Experimental Climate Prediction Center has been routinely making regional forecasts of atmospheric elements and fire danger indices since 27 September 1997. This study evaluates these forecasts using selected remote automated weather…
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Information about avian responses to fire in the U.S. Rocky Mountains is based solely on studies of crown fires. However, fire management in this region is based primarily on studies of low-elevation ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests…
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The increasing size and severity of wildfires in the western United States has caused a corresponding increase in post-fire emergency erosion control activities. Hillslope treatments, such as broadcast seeding, mulching and installed barriers, are…
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The Scripps Experimental Climate Prediction Center has been routinely making regional forecasts of atmospheric elements and fire danger indices since 27 September 1997. This study evaluates these forecasts using selected remote automated weather…
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In order to accomplish complex and multiple management objectives related to forest structure, fuels, and fire disturbance, these two disciplines must be effectively integrated in science and practice. The authors have linked scientific and…
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Prior to Euro-American settlement, dry ponderosa pine and mixed conifer forests (hereafter, the 'dry forests') of the Inland Northwest were burned by frequent low- or mixed-severity fires. These mostly surface fires maintained low and…
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The complex topography of the inland northwestern U.S. (58.4 million ha) interacts with continental and maritime air masses to create a highly variable climate, which results in a variety of forest settings. Historically (1850 to 1900),…
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Comparisons between unburned sites, low-intensity fires, and high-intensity fires in this ponderosa pine-dominated community indicate that a majority of the species coverages and frequencies are unchanged regardless of burn treatment. Also, a…
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Several large, uncharacteristic wildfires occurred on the Boise National Forest in Southwest Idaho, from 1986 to 2003. From 1987 to 1994, severe wildfires burned almost 50% of the ponderosa pine forest types (about 200,000 ha). The intensity of the…
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A mixed severity fire regime historically created complex landscape structures in ponderosa pine forests of the Colorado Front Range. Mitigating present wildfire risks and restoring these forests to ecologically sustainable conditions requires new…
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One major source of uncertainty in fire behavior and fire behavior modeling is the spatial variation in wind fields. Mountainsides, valleys, ridges, and the fire itself, influence both the speed and direction of wind flows. Small scale surface wind…
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A need exists for a simple computer program to determine surface and canopy fuel quantities (load, bulk density, depth) and qualities (fire behavior fuel model, fire-carrying fuel type) from a variety of fuel inventory data sources. In addition,…
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The goal of the project is to understand how fire in upland and riparian forests influence stream communities and whether prescription burning mimics the ecological function of fire in a watershed. The project has two components: wildland fire and…
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Proof-of-concept research is being conducted to: compare airborne and in situ, ground-based fire measurement systems; begin evaluation of two fire-behavior simulation models with these data; test approaches to incorporating improved wind-field and…
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The project is concerned with modeling the long-term effects of landscape fuel treatment patterns on wildfire sizes and severity. The work was initiated based on theoretical fuel treatment patterns that appeared effective at changing fire growth…
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The objective of this project is to conduct a diagnostic analysis of the variations in climate that govern the characteristics of the fire season in the western United States on intra-annual through decadal and longer time scales. We propose a…
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Firefighters are required to play close attention to fire behavior and have safety zones readily available in case of unexpected fire behavior. However, safety zone location and size are often a matter of anecdotal evidence, personal experience, and…
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