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Measurements in the plumes from seven forest fires show that the concentrations of NH3 were considerably in excess of ambient values. Calculation of NH3 emissions from the fires, based on the ratio of NH3/CO in the plumes and emissions of CO from…
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This FEIS species review synthesizes information on the relationship of Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem) to fire--how fire affects the species and its habitat, and fire management considerations. Information is also provided on the species'…
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The understory base in pinyon-juniper woodlands has been depleted by past abuse and suppression by the tree overstory. Wise use of fire provides a means of reestablishing understory species in the successional cycle. Postfire survival of understory…
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The annual costs attributable to large fire suppression in three Forest Service Regions (1970-1981) were estimated as a function of fire perimeters using linear regression. Costs calculated on a per chain of perimeter basis were highest for the…
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Provides information on fire as an ecological factor for forest habitat types in western Montana. Identifies Fire Groups of habitat types based on fire's role in forest succession. Describes forest fuels and suggests considerations for fire…
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The future of wildland fire management depends on the course chosen by fire managers today. Our responsiveness to issues will determine how much we influence where we go. Economics in concert with a better appreciation of fire's role in…
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Safety and danger are usually seen as opposites that exclude one another in practice. Safety is often seen as the absence of danger, and danger is often seen as the absence of safety. This book, however, argues that the two conditions are…
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Postfire succession in juniper and pinyon-juniper is primarily dependent upon the potential of the site, the preburn plant community and the characteristics of the fire. The successful use of prescribed burning is dependent upon the appropriate…
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Summarizes recent literature on the effects of fire on sagebrush-grass vegetation. Also outlines procedures and considerations for planning and conducting prescribed fires and monitoring effects. Includes a comprehensive annotated bibliography of…
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Nearly all wildfires are extinguished when they are still small. The 3-5% that get out of control cause 95% of all wildfire-related costs and damages (Dodge 1972, Wilson 1985). There are two ways to deal with these problem fires. One practice is to…
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Includes more than 90 papers bringing together research accomplishments of the last 10 years including ongoing research on the ecology and management of pinyon-juniper ecosystems. Scientist and management points of view are presented.
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Summarizes the objectives, prescriptions, and techniques used in prescribed burning beneath the canopy of ponderosa pine stands, and stands of ponderosa pine mixed with western larch, Douglas-fir, and grand fir. Information was derived from 12…
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This paper contains information from diverse sources on the regeneration capabilities, response to fire, and utilization of shrub species important or common to dry forest habitat types in Montana and Idaho. Response to fire is classified by…
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Vegetational recovery was compared on firelines constructed in three ground fuel cover types, using conventional hand tools and two types of fireline explosives. Measurement of ground coverage of shrub and herb species before and after disturbance…
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Forty-six debris flows in a fifth-order basin in the Oregon Coast Range, U.S.A., were studied to determine the role and significance of debris flows in sediment routing. Dating of charcoal from basal colluvium in three bedrock hollows and in one…
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Duration and intensity of western spruce budworm (Christoneura occidentalis Freeman) outbreaks have increased with the decrease in forest fire frequency in Montana since 1910. Frequency of budworm outbreaks, however, was not affected. Feeding…
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A moderate August 1984 rainstorm produced substantial debris flows from tributaries of Beaver Creek, a small Missouri River tributary located near Helena, Montana. The debris flows occurred only in the parts of the drainage that had been burned by…
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Discusses fire as an ecological factor for forest habitat types occurring in central Idaho. Identifies "Fire Groups" of habitat types based on fire's role in forest succession. Considerations for fire management are suggested.
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Two mathematical models are given to determine the best locations for initial attack resources in terms of travel time: a linear programming model and a statistical model. An example for the Clearwater National Forest in Idaho illustrates some of…
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Field experiments were conducted to examine the effects of disturbance frequency on invertebrates and periphyton colonizing bricks in a third order Rocky Mountain (USA) stream. After an initial colonization period (30 days), sets of bricks were…
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