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Displaying 121 - 136 of 136
We propose a modified algorithm for the gradient method to determine the near-edge smoke plume boundaries using backscatter signals of a scanning lidar. The running derivative of the ratio of the signalstandard deviation (STD) to the accumulated sum…
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Considerable research has been carried out to estimate the chemical composition and the amount of trace gases and particulate matter emitted during short-duration flaming and smoldering combustion of fuels in the fire-prone forest and grassland…
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The MODIS instrument on the NASA Terra satellite has been conducting routine global measurements of active fires and aerosol optical depths since late 2000. Currently, it takes more than 4 days to acquire MODIS data from the NASA DAAC Center, making…
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This state-of-knowledge review about the effects of fire on air quality can assist land, fire, and air resource managers with fire and smoke planning, and their efforts to explain to others the science behind fire-related program policies and…
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Reports the findings of a study comparing the results of instruments measuring smoke particulate in real time to gravimetric samplers in Missoula and Hamilton, Montana, during the summer of 2000. Real-time, particulate monitoring instruments were…
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Smoke exposure measurements among firefighters at wildfires in the Western United States between 1992 and 1995 showed that altogether most exposures were not significant, between 3 and 5 percent of the shift-average exposures exceeded occupational…
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This policy statement has been prepared in response to plans by some Federal, tribal and State wildland owners/managers to significantly increase the use of wildland and prescribed fires to achieve resource benefits in the wildlands. Many wildland…
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A series of nine large-scale, open fires was conducted in the Intermountain Fire Sciences Laboratory (IFSL) controlled-environment combustion facility. The fuels were pure pine needles or sagebrush or mixed fuels simulating forest-floor, ground…
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Total particulate matter (PM) emissions were estimated for recent fires (1979-1990) and the presettlement period (prior to 1935) in the Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness (SBW) in Idaho and Montana. Recent period emissions were calculated by 10-day…
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Biomass and hydrocarbon fuel fires are two common sources of obscuring smoke which present significant operational challenges over a broad range of possible viewing wavelengths. This is especially true of very large fires where the primary smoke…
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Measurements in the plumes from seven forest fires show that the concentrations of NH3 were considerably in excess of ambient values. Calculation of NH3 emissions from the fires, based on the ratio of NH3/CO in the plumes and emissions of CO from…
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Airborne measurements have been made in the smokes from large fires of standing coniferous trees and logging debris, standing chaparral, fallen jack pine, and wheat stubble. Panicle emission factors, particle size distributions, optical properties…
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Height of slash fire smoke columns, commonly thought to be a function of atmospheric conditions alone, through a series of 10-acre experimental fires is shown to be strongly related to fire intensity. By conducting intense fires, land managers can…
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The concept of forest fire is especially difficult to deal with in an objective manner because fire has deep psychological associations for most animals, especially man. Moreover, attitudes toward forest fires have been greatly conditioned by what…
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The Smoke and Emissions Portal is the result of collaborative efforts between the National Wildfire Coordinating Group's (NWCG) Smoke Committee, The University of Idaho, and the Fire Research and Management Exchange System (FRAMES). This site is…
Smokepedia is a continuously updated glossary that defines smoke and air quality terms in the world of wildland fire. The terms and information contained herein come from a variety of sources, including the National Wildfire Coordination Group,…