This preview extrapolates the future increase in burn area predicted by Chao Wu et al. in this issue of One Earth to consider the inevitable increase in fire-derived pollution and implication to human health. Although these global-scale predictions are concerning, understanding future fire at regional scales will be more beneficial...
Author(s): Nancy H. F. French, Tatiana V. Loboda, Robin Puett
Year Published: 2021
Type: Document :
Book or Chapter or Journal Article
Recent dramatic and deadly increases in global wildfire activity have increased attention on the causes of wildfires, their consequences, and how risk from wildfire might be mitigated. Here we bring together data on the changing risk and societal burden of wildfire in the United States. We estimate that nearly 50 million homes are...
Author(s): Marshall Burke, Anne Driscoll, Sam Heft-Neal, Jiani Xue, Jennifer Burney, Michael Wara
Year Published: 2021
Type: Document :
Book or Chapter or Journal Article
In recent years wildland fires in the United States have had significant impacts on local and regional air quality and negative human health outcomes. Although the primary health concerns from wildland fires come from fine particulate matter (PM2:5), large increases in ozone (O3) have been observed downwind of wildland fire plumes (...
Author(s): Russell W. Long, Andrew Whitehill, Andrew Habel, Shawn P. Urbanski, Hannah Halliday, Maribel Colón, Surender Kaushik, Matthew S. Landis
Year Published: 2021
Type: Document :
Book or Chapter or Journal Article
We estimated cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality associated with wildfire smoke (WFS) fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the Front Range of Colorado from 2010 - 2015. To estimate WFS PM2.5, we developed a daily kriged PM2.5 surface at a 15km X 15km resolution based on the Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System...
Author(s): Sheryl Magzamen, Ryan W. Gan, Jingyang Liu, Katelyn O'Dell, Bonne Ford Hotmann, Kevin Berg, Kirk Bol, Ander Wilson, Emily V. Fischer, Jeffrey R. Pierce
Year Published: 2021
Type: Document :
Book or Chapter or Journal Article
Climate change and human activities have drastically altered the natural wildfire balance in the Western US and increased population health risks due to exposure to pollutants from fire smoke. Using dynamically downscaled climate model projections, we estimated additional asthma emergency room visits and hospitalizations due to...
Author(s): Jennifer D. Stowell, Cheng-En Yang, Joshua S. Fu, Noah Scovronick, Matthew J. Strickland, Yang Liu
Year Published: 2021
Type: Document :
Book or Chapter or Journal Article
Wildfires are increasing in frequency, size, and intensity, and increasingly affect highly populated areas. Wildfire smoke impacts cardiorespiratory health; children are at increased risk due to smaller airways, a higher metabolic rate and ongoing development. The objective of this systematic review was to describe the risk of...
Author(s): Shelby Henry, Maria B. Ospina, Liz Dennett, Anne Hicks
Year Published: 2021
Type: Document :
Book or Chapter or Journal Article
A physics/chemistry-based numerical model for predicting the emission of fine particles from wildfires is proposed. This model implements the fundamental mechanisms of soot formation in a combustion environment: soot nucleation, surface growth, agglomeration, oxidation, and particle fragmentation. These mechanisms occur on a scale...
Author(s): Alexander J. Josephson, Daniel Castaño, Eunmo Koo, Rodman Linn
Year Published: 2021
Type: Document :
Book or Chapter or Journal Article
Wildfire emissions affect downwind air quality and human health. Predictions of these impacts using models are limited by uncertainties in emissions and chemical evolution of smoke plumes. Using high-time-resolution aircraft measurements, we illustrate spatial variations that can exist within a plume due to differences in the...
Author(s): Brett B. Palm, Qiaoyun Peng, Samuel R. Hall, Kirk Ullmann, Teresa L. Campos, Andrew J. Weinheimer, Denise D. Montzka, Geoffrey S. Tyndall, Wade Permar, Lu Hu, Frank Flocke, Emily V. Fischer, Joel A. Thornton
Year Published: 2021
Type: Document :
Book or Chapter or Journal Article
Smoke, as a prominent character of combustion, is widely regarded as a signal of forest fire. Existing in a video-based smoke root detection methods on rely the distance between smoke and the lens, which is one of the most challenging parts. In relatively close distances, the dynamic region extraction method not only presents...
Author(s): Yu Gao, Pengle Cheng
Year Published: 2021
Type: Document :
Book or Chapter or Journal Article
Throughout the United States, wildland firefighters respond to wildfires, performing arduous work in remote locations. Wildfire incidents can be an ideal environment for the transmission of infectious diseases, particularly for wildland firefighters who congregate in work and living settings. In this review, we examine how exposure...
Author(s): Kathleen M. Navarro, Kathleen A. Clark, Daniel J. Hardt, Colleen Reid, Peter Lahm, Joseph W. Domitrovich, Corey Butler, John R. Balmes
Year Published: 2021
Type: Document :
Book or Chapter or Journal Article