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Airborne measurements have been made in the smokes from large fires of standing coniferous trees and logging debris, standing chaparral, fallen jack pine, and wheat stubble. Panicle emission factors, particle size distributions, optical properties…
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Measurements in the plumes from seven forest fires show that the concentrations of NH3 were considerably in excess of ambient values. Calculation of NH3 emissions from the fires, based on the ratio of NH3/CO in the plumes and emissions of CO from…
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We define disturbance in stream ecosystems to be: any relatively discrete event in time that is characterized by a frequency, intensity, and severity outside a predictable range, and that disrupts ecosystem, community, or population structure and…
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The riparian vegetation along the Bighorn River in Wyoming forms a complex mosaic comprised of cottonwood (Populus deltoides) groves, meadows, marshes, and several kinds of shrubland. Changes in the riparian mosaic during the last 50 years were…
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Crisis situations are often complicated by the very behaviors people use to manage crisis. Enactment suggests that how people think about the work they do shapes how they behave toward that work. This process allows people to see certain aspects of…
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Monthly average soil temperatures in a burned aspen stand ranged from 0 to 8 °F higher than in the unburned stand at depths to 12 inches for a site in southeastern Idaho. From June through August the first year after burning, soil temperatures were…
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Includes 25 invited papers and panel discussions, 6 workshop reports, and 15 poster papers that focus on the escalating problem of wildfire in wildland residential areas throughout the western United States and Canada.
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Economic efficiency and risk have long been considered during the selection of fire management programs and the design of fire management polices. The risk considerations was largely subjective, however, and efficiency has only recently been…
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Describes use of increment borers for interpreting fire history in coniferous forests. These methods are intended for use in wilderness, parks, and other natural areas where sawing cross-sections from fire-scarred trees is prohibited.
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This paper offers some suggestions and field guides with respect to the operational application of C.E. Van Wagner's (1997, Can. J. For. Res. 7:23-34) theory to calculate the threshold conditions for the start and spread of crown fires in…
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This FEIS species review synthesizes information on the relationship of Acer negundo (boxelder) to fire--how fire affects the species and its habitat, and fire management considerations. Information is also provided on the species' taxonomy,…
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This FEIS species review synthesizes information on the relationship of Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem) to fire--how fire affects the species and its habitat, and fire management considerations. Information is also provided on the species'…
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The main effect burning on water quality is the potential for increased runoff of rainfall. Runoff may carry suspended soil particles, dissolved inorganic nutrients, and other materials into adjacent streams and lakes, reducing water quality and…
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Many species of insects and diseases create residues that predispose forests to fire. Conversely, natural factors such as fire, wind-throw, and other agents create forest residues that predispose forests to diseases and insects, including bark and…
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Systems to enable land managers to locate, evaluate, and counter the fire threat of lightning storms are in the early stages of development. In the western U.S. and Alaska, the Bureau of Land Management has established networks of instruments that…
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Examines economic feasibility of managing nonslash fuels in mature timber to reduce the costs and damages of wildfire. A 1.2-million-acre (496,000 hectare) study area is stratified by timber value, fire occurrence rate, and fuel hazard. Maximum…
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Elk use of aspen alones was deterred only one winter following prescribed fire. Numbers of aspen suckers on the nine burned clones increased 178 percent in 3 years, but the response varied greatly among clones. Elk browsing the third winter after…
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The quality of a forest site is governed by its physical conditions (temperature, moisture, soil parent materials) as they affect plant and soil. Microbes greatly affect soil development. Their activities mediate nutrient status through release,…
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This report discusses fire-related research needs in the western regions of the Forest Service. These needs were expressed by personnel at all management levels. Responses were one part of a more general study designed to establish information…
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Fire frequencies averaged 32 to 70 years in sagebrush-grass communities. Early spring and late fall fires are the least harmful to perennial grasses, although small plants and those with coarse stems are more tolerant of fire than large plants and…
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