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The main effect burning on water quality is the potential for increased runoff of rainfall. Runoff may carry suspended soil particles, dissolved inorganic nutrients, and other materials into adjacent streams and lakes, reducing water quality and…
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Many species of insects and diseases create residues that predispose forests to fire. Conversely, natural factors such as fire, wind-throw, and other agents create forest residues that predispose forests to diseases and insects, including bark and…
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Systems to enable land managers to locate, evaluate, and counter the fire threat of lightning storms are in the early stages of development. In the western U.S. and Alaska, the Bureau of Land Management has established networks of instruments that…
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Examines economic feasibility of managing nonslash fuels in mature timber to reduce the costs and damages of wildfire. A 1.2-million-acre (496,000 hectare) study area is stratified by timber value, fire occurrence rate, and fuel hazard. Maximum…
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Elk use of aspen alones was deterred only one winter following prescribed fire. Numbers of aspen suckers on the nine burned clones increased 178 percent in 3 years, but the response varied greatly among clones. Elk browsing the third winter after…
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The quality of a forest site is governed by its physical conditions (temperature, moisture, soil parent materials) as they affect plant and soil. Microbes greatly affect soil development. Their activities mediate nutrient status through release,…
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This report discusses fire-related research needs in the western regions of the Forest Service. These needs were expressed by personnel at all management levels. Responses were one part of a more general study designed to establish information…
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Fire frequencies averaged 32 to 70 years in sagebrush-grass communities. Early spring and late fall fires are the least harmful to perennial grasses, although small plants and those with coarse stems are more tolerant of fire than large plants and…
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A comparison of streamflow records from three small mountain streams in north-central Washington before, during, and after a severe forest fire showed three immediate effects of destructive burning. These were: Flow rate was greatly reduced while…
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The concept of forest fire is especially difficult to deal with in an objective manner because fire has deep psychological associations for most animals, especially man. Moreover, attitudes toward forest fires have been greatly conditioned by what…
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In 1966, preliminary results of this study were reported by Lyon in Research Paper INT-29, Initial Vegetal Development Following Prescribed Burning of Douglas-fir in South-Central Idaho. Because of a misplaced decimal point in that report, data for…
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This study was undertaken to determine the thermal properties of, and the pyrolysis products from, western cottonwood (Populus trichocavya) and two of its major components: cellulose and xylan. The modifications due to treatment of the wood and its…
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The moisture, ether extractive, and energy content of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Laws.) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii L.) foliage were measured during two fire seasons. The moisture content of l- and 2-year-old needles was found to…
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This work was undertaken because of a mutual interest of the Department of Defense, Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), and the USDA Forest Service in the problems of detecting hot targets against natural terrain backgrounds using airborne…
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Recreationists or city dwellers are usually most often thought of as being responsible for starting forest fires. But a limited study showed that fire starters were more apt to be people who lived near and worked on the National Forests. They were…
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