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Wildland firefighters must be able to maintain situational awareness to ensure their safety. Crew members, including lookouts and crew building handlines, rely on visibility to assess risk and communicate changing conditions. Geographic information…
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Critical to effective fire management is the protection and preparedness of highly trained wildland firefighters who routinely face extreme physical and psychological demands. To date, there is limited scientific evidence of psychosocial education…
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As the wildland–urban interface continues to expand into fire prone areas, future wildfires will likely result in the burning of more built structures, such as the recent Marshall Fire in Colorado, which increases the complexity of the wildfire…
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Falling trees and tree fragments are one of the top five causes of fatalities for wildland fire responders. In six out of ten recent years, at least one fatality from a tree strike has occurred while a fire responder was on duty, and others were…
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Exposure to oscillating heat fluxes while having variable water contents in the thermal protective clothing (T.P.C) is possible in a real firefighting scenario. The occurrence of steam burns becomes inevitable in certain conditions which are still…
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Health risks and mitigation strategies from occupational exposure to wildland fire: a scoping review
Objectives: Due to accelerating wildland fire activity, there is mounting urgency to understand, prevent, and mitigate the occupational health impacts associated with wildland fire suppression. The objectives of this review of academic and grey…
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Objectives: The increase in global wildland fire activity has accelerated the urgency to understand health risks associated with wildland fire suppression. The aim of this project was to identify occupational health research priorities for wildland…
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At a fundamental level, smoke from wildland fire is of scientific concern because of its potential adverse effects on human health and social well-being. Although many impacts (e.g., evacuations, property loss) occur primarily in proximity to the…
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Wildland firefighters continue to die in the line of duty. Flammable landscapes intersect with bold but good-intentioned doers and trigger entrapment—a situation where personnel is unexpectedly caught in fire behaviour-related, life-threatening…
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The COVID-19 global pandemic created dramatic change in nearly every facet of life, including how the Forest Service worked to fulfill its mission despite facing multiple unknowns fraught with risks. Preparing for and responding to wildland fire…
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Wildland fire suppression presents a working environment that often exceeds an energy expenditure of 20 MJ/day. Despite high levels of chronic physical exertion, we have noted maladaptive alterations in adiposity and blood lipids in a small cohort…
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Wildland fire management is a complex system with various scales, modes, plans, and operations. As with any system, fire management can be subject to stresses and strains that are, in some cases, easy to identify in isolation but highly challenging…
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Background:Exposure to inhaled smoke, pollutants, volatile organic compounds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the firefighting environment has been associated with detrimental respiratory and cardiovascular effects, making firefighters a…
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Wildland firefighters are exposed to smoke-containing particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) while suppressing wildfires. From 2015 to 2017, the U.S. Forest Service conducted a field study collecting breathing zone…
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We estimated cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality associated with wildfire smoke (WFS) fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the Front Range of Colorado from 2010 - 2015. To estimate WFS PM2.5, we developed a daily kriged PM2.5 surface at a 15km X…
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The main purpose of this study was to characterise the thermal environment and risk of heat burns of wildland firefighters in relation to the suppression tasks performed in real wildland fires. Measurements of air temperature and heat flux were…
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The wildland firefighter exposure and health effect (WFFEHE) study was a 2-year repeated-measures study to investigate occupational exposures and acute and subacute health effects among wildland firefighters. This manuscript describes the study…
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Heat accumulation from wearing personal protective equipment can result in the development of heat-related illnesses. This study aimed to investigate factors of heat stress with and without a US standard issue wildland firefighter helmet. Ten male…
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Throughout the United States, wildland firefighters respond to wildfires, performing arduous work in remote locations. Wildfire incidents can be an ideal environment for the transmission of infectious diseases, particularly for wildland firefighters…
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Firefighters’ safety during fire responses depends on sound policies and procedures that ensure they can do their jobs efficiently and effectively. Decisions on vehicle crew size and total effective response force deployment should be based on the…
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