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Displaying 5561 - 5580 of 5673
This Note presents observations on a little-known mode of tree-bole ignition by lightning in which a fire-setting discharge partially superimposes its furrow upon an older lightning soar and causes ignition in the older injury.
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Studies in 12- to 15- year- old western larch stands at Coram Experimental Forest in northwestern Montana show that condition of the seedbed at the time of seedling establishment strongly influences seedling development. Larch regenerates abundantly…
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Porosity (expressed as the ratio of air space surrounding plant material to surface area of plant material) was determined for a low forage producing community of cheatgrass. Porosity averaged 12.5 cm.^/cm.2- and correlated closely with weight per…
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The Sundance Fire on September 1, 1967, made a spectacular run of 16 miles in 9 hours and destroyed more than 50,000 acres. This run became the subject of a detailed research analysis of the environmental, topographic, and vegetation variables aimed…
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Information about a fire's perimeter is a prerequisite for the control of large fires, whether caused by nuclear war, lightning, or man's carelessness. Visual aerial reconnaissance is usually limited by smoke. Location of a fire's…
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In 1961 the National Science Foundation awarded grants to Washington State University and the Northern Forest Fire Laboratory of the Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station to further a joint study of the mechanisms of fire spread in…
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Prescribed fire has been used in the forests of the Intermountain West since 1910. It is employed for site preparation for planting or seeding, hazard reduction, livestock range and wildlife habitat improvement, cover type conversion, and insect or…
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The original program objectives were to develop and test a heat-sensitive system capable of: (1) locating small fires, (2) mapping fire perimeters, and (3) measuring rates of fire spread. The usefulness of infrared mappers was to be examined by…
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Temperatures in a large natural fuel test fire were measured with bare, shielded aspirated, and shielded unaspirated chromel-alumel thermocouples. With the bare thermocouples, values of 2650 F. were recorded--much higher than most previously…
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Burning characteristics of backfires, headfires, and no-wind fires in fuel beds of ponderosa pine needles were compared at the Northern Forest Fire Laboratory. Data gathered under controlled laboratory conditions indicate that fires backed into the…
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Two tables prepared for use with the National Fire-Danger Rating System replace 10 tables previously used with the Model-8 Fire-Danger Rating System. They provide for the conversion of Spread Index values at various altitudes, aspects, and times of…
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Changeover from use of the Intermountain Model-8 Burning Index Meter to use of the Spread Index of the National Fire-Danger Rating System required a comparative analysis of both systems. This note describes a program written in SPS to calculate…
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Problems being encountered in implementing fire prevention programs were explored by studying the organization for fire prevention at the Fish Lake, Uinta, and Wasatch National Forests in Utah. The study focused on role congruency in fire prevention…
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The main purpose of this publication is to summarize the most important aspects of fire behavior as we now know them. The author recognizes that there are still many unknowns in the behavior of forest and range fires. These unknowns will be the…
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The investigation of the causes of a fish kill in waters containing ferro‐ and ferricyanide at concentrations far under those generally accepted as non‐lethal have shown these low concentrations to be lethal due to photo‐decomposition and release of…
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On August 21, 1937, the tragic Blackwater Fire caused the death of 15 firefighters, burning approximately 1,700 acres of National Forest System lands on the Shoshone National Forest, near Cody, Wyoming. An electrical storm occurred in the general…
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[Excerpt from text] Measurements of meteorological conditions prevailing during the rapid spread of forest fires are greatly needed so that when their recurrence seems probable, fire weather forecasters may issue warnings of the danger.
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[Excerpted from text] It is not often that a large forest fire occurs conveniently near a weather station specially equipped for measuring forest-fire weather. The 13,000-acre Quartz Creek fire on the Kaniksu National Forest…
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In many forested landscapes across western North America, past fires often act as barriers to fire spread for a time and then, as live and dead fuels accumulate, reburn but with much lower severity than surrounding forested areas. In this project,…
The National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC) in Boise, Idaho is the nation's support center for wildland firefighting. Their website provides links to a multitude of fire related content including current fire information, wildland fire statistics,…