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Information about a fire's perimeter is a prerequisite for the control of large fires, whether caused by nuclear war, lightning, or man's carelessness. Visual aerial reconnaissance is usually limited by smoke. Location of a fire's…
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In 1961 the National Science Foundation awarded grants to Washington State University and the Northern Forest Fire Laboratory of the Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station to further a joint study of the mechanisms of fire spread in…
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Prescribed fire has been used in the forests of the Intermountain West since 1910. It is employed for site preparation for planting or seeding, hazard reduction, livestock range and wildlife habitat improvement, cover type conversion, and insect or…
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The original program objectives were to develop and test a heat-sensitive system capable of: (1) locating small fires, (2) mapping fire perimeters, and (3) measuring rates of fire spread. The usefulness of infrared mappers was to be examined by…
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Temperatures in a large natural fuel test fire were measured with bare, shielded aspirated, and shielded unaspirated chromel-alumel thermocouples. With the bare thermocouples, values of 2650 F. were recorded--much higher than most previously…
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Burning characteristics of backfires, headfires, and no-wind fires in fuel beds of ponderosa pine needles were compared at the Northern Forest Fire Laboratory. Data gathered under controlled laboratory conditions indicate that fires backed into the…
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Two tables prepared for use with the National Fire-Danger Rating System replace 10 tables previously used with the Model-8 Fire-Danger Rating System. They provide for the conversion of Spread Index values at various altitudes, aspects, and times of…
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Changeover from use of the Intermountain Model-8 Burning Index Meter to use of the Spread Index of the National Fire-Danger Rating System required a comparative analysis of both systems. This note describes a program written in SPS to calculate…
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Problems being encountered in implementing fire prevention programs were explored by studying the organization for fire prevention at the Fish Lake, Uinta, and Wasatch National Forests in Utah. The study focused on role congruency in fire prevention…
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The main purpose of this publication is to summarize the most important aspects of fire behavior as we now know them. The author recognizes that there are still many unknowns in the behavior of forest and range fires. These unknowns will be the…
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The investigation of the causes of a fish kill in waters containing ferro‐ and ferricyanide at concentrations far under those generally accepted as non‐lethal have shown these low concentrations to be lethal due to photo‐decomposition and release of…
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On August 21, 1937, the tragic Blackwater Fire caused the death of 15 firefighters, burning approximately 1,700 acres of National Forest System lands on the Shoshone National Forest, near Cody, Wyoming. An electrical storm occurred in the general…
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[Excerpt from text] Measurements of meteorological conditions prevailing during the rapid spread of forest fires are greatly needed so that when their recurrence seems probable, fire weather forecasters may issue warnings of the danger.
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[Excerpted from text] It is not often that a large forest fire occurs conveniently near a weather station specially equipped for measuring forest-fire weather. The 13,000-acre Quartz Creek fire on the Kaniksu National Forest…
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The mission of the Human Performance Research, Development & Application (RD&A) is to improve the health, safety, performance, and resilience of the Forest Service at individual, team, and organizational scales. Its objective reflects…
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While many wildfires cause little damage to the land and pose few threats to fish, wildlife and people downstream, some fires create situations that require special efforts to prevent further problems after the fire. Loss of vegetation exposes soil…
After a catastrophic wildfire, quick action must be taken to minimize social, environmental and economic devastation. Responsive action requires navigating a complex maze of diverse landowners, community organizations and numerous local and federal…
This chapter is within a book by Walker and Steffen that presents a collection of essays by leading authorities who address the current state of knowledge. The chapters bring together the early results of an international scientific research…
Front line firefighters have another tool that provides a way to be heard and get unsafe situations resolved. SAFENET is a form, and process, that has been in demand by firefighters themselves. It's a method for reporting and resolving safety…