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Author(s):
Miguel G. Cruz, Martin E. Alexander, Paulo M. Fernandes, Musa Kilinc, Ângelo Sil
Year Published:

Cataloging Information

Topic(s):
Fire Behavior
Simulation Modeling
Weather
Fuels
Wildland Urban Interface

NRFSN number: 22285
FRAMES RCS number: 61777
Record updated:

The prediction of wildfire rate of spread and growth under high wind speeds and dry fuel moisture conditions is key to taking proactive actions to warn and in turn protect communities. We used two datasets of wildfires spreading under critical fire weather conditions to evaluate an existing rule of thumb that equates the forward rate of fire spread to 10% of the average open wind speed. The rule predicted the observed rates of fire spread with an overall mean absolute error of 1.7 km h−1. The absolute error magnitude was consistent across the range in observed rates of fire spread, resulting in a reduction in percent error with an increase in spread rates. Mean absolute percent errors close to 20% were obtained for wildfires spreading faster than 2.0 km h−1. The implications of model errors in the forecasting of fire spread with respect to community warning and safety are discussed.

Citation

Cruz, Miguel G.; Alexander, Martin E.; Fernandes, Paulo A. Martins; Kilinc, Musa; Sil, Ângelo. 2020. Evaluating the 10% wind speed rule of thumb for estimating a wildfire's forward rate of spread against an extensive independent set of observations. Environmental Modelling & Software 133:104818. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104818

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