The primary factor in estimating fire danger is fuel moisture. Fuel moisture varies seasonally and should be measured over an entire fire season using remote sensing technologies and verified using ground measurements. Recent advances in spaceborne and airborne imaging systems can potentially significantly improve the ability to assess fuel condition and moisture. Fuel condition is assessed using spectral mixture analysis (SMA) to map fractions of green vegetation (GV). Direct measures of canopy moisture can be determined using the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), which we have found to be an improvement over Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in shrublands. Other measures used are Normalized Difference Infrared Index (NDII) and Normalized Difference Green Red Index (NDGRI). Above ground standing live biomass was collected for coniferous and deciduous forests and shrublands at seven sites in the western United States during early (low fire risk) and late (high fire risk) seasons to detect changes in fuel moisture. Ground data are used to correlate values for live fuel moisture and the image products at multiple spatial and spectral resolutions. Seasonally varying Live Fuel Moisture (LFM) data, acquired by Los Angeles County Fire Department from 1994 to 2003 were compared to AVIRIS and MODIS derived measures of fuel moisture.