This category encompasses any publication not directly attributed to effects caused by initial soil heating during a fire. Second order fire effects on soil include burn severity classes, soil movement (including debris flows), fertility (for future plant growth), hydrological effects (hydrophobicity, water movement through soil), interactions between soils and vegetation, climate, and more. This topic may include publications on: soil classifications; soil and erosion (debris flows and soil movement); soils and hydrology (watershed, porosity); soils and ecosystem relationships (vegetation, climate); and soil modeling and software development.