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Fuel treatments are commonly applied to increase resilience to wildfire in dry and historically frequent-fire forests of western North America. The long-term effects of fuel treatments on forest structure, fuel profiles (amount and configuration of…
Author(s): Don C. Radcliffe, Jonathan D. Bakker, Derek J. Churchill, Ernesto Alvarado, David L. Peterson, Madison M. Laughlin, Brian J. Harvey
Year Published:

Piñon–juniper (PJ) woodlands are a dominant community type across the Intermountain West, comprising over a million acres and experiencing critical effects from increasing wildfire. Large PJ mortality and regeneration failure after catastrophic…
Author(s): Michala Phillips, Cara Lauria, Tova Spector, John B. Bradford, Catherine A. Gehring, Brooke B. Osborne, Armin Howell, Edmund E. Grote, Renee J. Rondeau, Gillian M. Trimber, Ben A. Robinson, Sasha C. Reed
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Wildfires in forested ecosystems are increasing in severity and extent. The adaptations many plants have acquired in response to their natural fire regime may not be sufficient to allow some species to persist. This could impact the forest…
Author(s): Emily Duivenvoorden, Benjamin Wagner, Craig R. Nitschke, Sabine Kasel
Year Published:

n the Western US, area burned and fire size have increased due to the influences of climate change, long-term fire suppression leading to higher fuel loads, and increased ignitions. However, evidence is less conclusive about increases in fire…
Author(s): Rutherford Vance Platt, Teresa B. Chapman, Jennifer Balch
Year Published:

Background Sagebrush shrublands in the Great Basin, USA, are experiencing widespread increases in wildfire size and area burned resulting in new policies and funding to implement fuel treatments. However, we lack the spatial data needed to optimize…
Author(s): Jeanne C. Chambers, Jessi L. Brown, Matthew C. Reeves, Eva K. Strand, Lisa M. Ellsworth, Claire Tortorelli, Alexandra K. Urza, Karen C. Short
Year Published:

Background With the increase in forest fire emissions, an increasing amount of nitrogen is released from combustibles and taken up by plant leaves in the form of PM2.5 smoke deposition. Concurrently, the stress from PM2.5 also disrupts the…
Author(s): Haichuan Lin, Yuanfan Ma, Pingxin Zhao, Ziyan Huang, Xiaoyu Zhan, Mulualem Tigabu, Futao Guo
Year Published:

Temperate conifer forests stressed by climate change could be lost through tree regeneration decline in the interior of high-severity fires, resulting in type conversion to non-forest vegetation from seed-dispersal limitation, competition, drought…
Author(s): William L. Baker
Year Published:

Fire has always been an important component of many ecosystems, but anthropogenic global climate change is now altering fire regimes over much of Earth's land surface, spurring a more urgent need to understand the physical, biological, and chemical…
Author(s): Amy East, Amir AghaKouchak, Graziella Caprarelli, Gabriel Filippelli, Fabio Florindo, Charles H. Luce, Harihar Rajaram, Lynn M. Russell, Cristina Santin, Isaac Santos
Year Published:

Background: Contemporary and projected shifts in global fire regimes highlight the importance of understanding how fire affects ecosystem function and biodiversity across taxa and geographies. Pyrodiversity, or heterogeneity in fire history, is…
Author(s): Zachary L. Steel, Jesse E. D. Miller, Lauren C. Ponisio, Morgan W. Tingley, Kate Wilkin, Rachel V. Blakey, Kira M. Hoffman, Gavin M. Jones
Year Published:

In the United States (US), forest ecosystems are the largest terrestrial carbon sink, offsetting the equivalent of >12 % of economy-wide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions annually. In the Western US, wildfires have shaped much of the landscape by…
Author(s): Panmei Jiang, Matthew B. Russell, Lee E. Frelich, Chad Babcock, James E. Smith
Year Published:

Background: Plant flammability is an important factor in fire behaviour and post-fire ecological responses. There is consensus about the broad attributes (or axes) of flammability but little consistency in their measurement. Aims: We sought to…
Author(s): Jane G. Cawson, Jamie E. Burton, Bianca J. Pickering, Vana Demetriou, Alexander I. Filkov
Year Published:

1. Climate, disturbance, vegetation response, and their interaction are key factors in predicting the distribution and function of ecosystems across landscapes. A range of factors, operating through different pathways, are amplifying the feedbacks…
Author(s): Shuang Liang, Matthew D. Hurteau
Year Published:

1. Animal ecology and evolution are shaped by environmental perturbations, which are undergoing unprecedented alterations due to climate change. Fire is one such perturbation that causes significant disruption by causing mortality and altering…
Author(s): Blyssalyn V. Bieber, Dhaval K. Vyas, Amanda M. Koltz, Laura A. Burkle, Kiaryce S. Bey, Claire Guzinski, Shannon M. Murphy, Mayra C. Vidal
Year Published:

Background: Current guidance for implementation of United States federal wildland fire policy charges agencies with restoring and maintaining fire-adapted ecosystems while limiting the extent of wildfires that threaten life and property, weighed…
Author(s): Bradley Pietruszka, Jesse Young, Karen C. Short, Lise A. St. Denis, Matthew P. Thompson, David E. Calkin
Year Published:

Fire is an inherently evolutionary process, even though much more emphasis has been given to ecological responses of plants and their associated communities to fire. Here, we synthesize contributions to a Special Feature entitled 'Fire as a dynamic…
Author(s): Fernanda Santos, Joseph K. Bailey, Jennifer A. Schweitzer
Year Published:

Fire has shaped ecological communities worldwide for millennia but impacts of fire on individual species are often poorly understood. We performed a meta-analysis to predict which traits, habitat or study variables, and fire characteristics…
Author(s): Christopher A. Pocknee, Sarah Legge, Jane McDonald, Diana O. Fisher
Year Published:

Fire regimes in sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystems have been greatly altered across the western United States. Broad-scale invasion of non-native annual grasses, climate change, and human activities have accelerated wildfire cycles, increased…
Author(s): Michele R. Crist, Rick Belger, Kirk W. Davies, Dawn Davis, James R. Meldrum, Douglas J. Shinneman, Thomas E. Remington, Justin L. Welty, Kenneth E. Mayer
Year Published:

Biodiversity is in chronic decline, and extreme events - such as wildfires - can add further episodes of acute losses. Fires of increasing magnitude will often overwhelm response capacity, and decision-makers need to make choices about what to…
Author(s): John C. Z. Woinarski, Phillipa C. McCormack, Jan McDonald, Sarah Legge, Stephen T. Garnett, Brendan A. Wintle, Libby Rumpff
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High-severity fires and short-interval reburns strongly influence forest structure and composition and may overwhelm forest ecosystem resilience and catalyze persistent shifts to non-forest conditions. Recent increases in annual area burned and…
Author(s): Melissa Jaffe, Mark R. Kreider, David L.R. Affleck, Philip E. Higuera, Carl A. Seielstad, Sean A. Parks, Andrew J. Larson
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Fire–vegetation feedbacks potentially maintain global savanna and forest distributions. Accordingly, vegetation in savanna and forest ecosystems should have differential responses to fire, but fire response data for herbaceous vegetation have yet to…
Author(s): Zachary J. Gold, Adam F. A. Pellegrini, Tyler Refsland, Romina J. Andrioli, Marlin L. Bowles, Dale G. Brockway, Neil D. Burrows, Augusto C. Franco, Stephen W. Hallgren, Sarah E. Hobbie, William A. Hoffmann, Kevin P. Kirkman, Peter B. Reich, Patrice Savadogo, Divino V. Silverio, Kirsten Stephan, Tercia Strydom, J. Morgan Varner, Dale D. Wade, Allan J. Wills, A. Carla Staver
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