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Displaying 181 - 200 of 5651

Downslope wind-driven fires have resulted in many of the wildfire disasters in the western United States and represent a unique hazard to infrastructure and human life. We analyze the co-occurrence of wildfires and downslope winds across the western…
Author(s): John T. Abatzoglou, Crystal A. Kolden, A. Park Williams, Mojtaba Sadegh, Jennifer Balch, Alex Hall
Year Published:

Wildfires usually increase the hydrological and erosive response of forest areas, carrying high environmental, human, cultural, and financial on- and off-site effects. Post-fire soil erosion control measures have been proven effective at mitigating…
Author(s): Antonio Girona-García, Carola Cretella, Cristina Fernández, Peter R. Robichaud, Diana C.S. Vieira, Jan J. Keizer
Year Published:

Background: Previous work by the author and others has examined weather associated with growth of exceptionally large fires (‘Fires of Unusual Size’, or FOUS), looking at three of four factors associated with critical fire weather patterns:…
Author(s): Brian E. Potter
Year Published:

Fire and grazing play an important role in managed rangeland ecosystems. These disturbances interact to shape plant communities and outcomes for rangeland biodiversity and livestock production. However, managers have a limited toolbox to reach…
Author(s): Hailey Wilmer, Devan A. McGranahan, Corey A. Moffet, J. Bret Taylor
Year Published:

Studies showed that tobacco use and excessive alcohol consumption frequently occur, and both are significant causes of preventable morbidity and mortality. Data were collected as part of a national online study of the health of women in the fire…
Author(s): Nattinee Jitnarin, Christopher K. Haddock, Christopher M. Kaipust, Walker S. C. Poston, Sara A. Jahnke
Year Published:

A safe separation distance (SSD) needs to be considered during firefighting activities (fire suppression or people evacuation) against wildfires. The SSD is of critical interest for both humans and assets located in the wildland–urban interfaces (…
Author(s): Jacky Fayad, Gilbert Accary, Frederic Morandini, François Joseph Chatelon, Lucile Rossi, Thierry Marcelli, Dominique Cancellieri, Valérie Leroy-Cancellieri, Yassine Rahib, D. Morvan, Sofiane Meradji, Antoine Pieri, Jean-Yves Duret, Jean Louis Rossi
Year Published:

The behaviour and rate of spread of a wildfire is strongly affected by local wind conditions depending on topography and surrounding vegetation. The wind speed within dense vegetation can be substantially lower than the open wind speed above the…
Author(s): Duncan Sutherland, Mahmood A. Rashid, J. E. Hilton, K. A. M. Moinuddin
Year Published:

Wildland fire rate of spread prediction models are important tools for the effective coordination of resident evacuation and fire suppression efforts. A comparative assessment of ten empirical and semi-empirical rate of spread prediction models is…
Author(s): Dionysios I. Kolaitis, Christos Pallikarakis, Maria A. Founti
Year Published:

Fire whirls are reported to occur frequently in the wilderness and in urban areas due to the influence of ambient winds. Fire whirls that occur on sloped fuel surfaces are common in the wilderness and have received less attention despite their…
Author(s): Yifan Wang, Kuibin Zhou
Year Published:

Background Estimating the factors affecting the probability of a wildfire reaching the wildland urban interface (WUI) can help managers make decisions to prevent WUI property loss. This study compiles data on fire progression, wind, landscape…
Author(s): Yu Wei, Benjamin Gannon, Jesse Young, Erin J. Belval, Matthew P. Thompson, Christopher D. O'Connor, David E. Calkin
Year Published:

Many fire management agencies aim to detect and suppress all ignitions within their jurisdiction and may benefit from understanding the causes of year-to-year variation. Ignition variation is likely to be associated with climatically driven changes…
Author(s): Nicholas Wilson, Marta Yebra
Year Published:

Background: When fire intervals are shorter than the time required for plants to reproduce, plant populations are threatened by “immaturity risk.” Therefore, understanding how the time between fires influences plants can inform ecosystem management…
Author(s): Ella S. Plumanns-Pouton, Matthew Swan, Trent D. Penman, Luke Collins, Luke T. Kelly
Year Published:

Background: Planting tree seedlings may help promote forest recovery after extensive high-severity wildfire. We evaluated the influence of growing environment characteristics on the performance of seedlings planted in the 2016 Cold Springs Fire,…
Author(s): Laura A. Marshall, Paula J. Fornwalt, Camille Stevens-Rumann, Kyle Rodman, Charles C. Rhoades, Kevin Zimlinghaus, Teresa B. Chapman, Catherine A. Schloegel
Year Published:

Background: Fire behaviour simulation and prediction play a key role in supporting wildfire management and suppression activities. Aims: Using machine-learning methods, the aim of this study was to predict the onset of fire propagation (go vs no-go…
Author(s): Sadegh Khanmohammadi, Mehrdad Arashpour, Emadaldin Mohammadi Golafshani, Miguel G. Cruz, Abbas Rajabifard
Year Published:

Background: A deeper physical understanding of flame behaviour is necessary to make more reliable predictions about forest fire dynamics. Aims: To study the container size effect on the combustion characteristics of herbaceous fuels. Methods: Dead…
Author(s): A. Sahila, H. Boutchiche, Domingos Xavier Viegas, Luís Carlos Duarte Reis, Carlos Pinto, Nouredine Zekri
Year Published:

Understanding bushfire-atmosphere interactions is essential for accurate prediction of fire behaviour, and for the safe and effective strategic management of fires to mitigate risk to people and property. Bushfires with feedbacks to thunderstorms…
Author(s): Nicholas McCarthy, Hamish McGowan, Adrien Guyot, Andrew J. Dowdy, Andrew Sturgess, Ben Twomey
Year Published:

The behaviour of wildland fires and the dispersion of smoke from those fires can be strongly influenced by atmospheric turbulent flow. The science to support that assertion has developed and evolved over the past 100+ years, with contributions from…
Author(s): Warren Heilman
Year Published:

The Composite Burn Index (CBI) is commonly linked to remotely sensed data to understand spatial and temporal patterns of burn severity. However, a comprehensive understanding of the tradeoffs between different methods used to model CBI with remotely…
Author(s): Colton Miller, Brian J. Harvey, Van R. Kane, L. Monika Moskal, Ernesto Alvarado
Year Published:

The interaction of wind and fire on a sloped terrain is always complex owing to the mechanisms of heat transfer and flame dynamics. Heating of unburned vegetation by attached flames may increase the rate of spread. The relative intensities of…
Author(s): Jasmine Innocent, Duncan Sutherland, Nazmul Khan, K. A. M. Moinuddin
Year Published:

This study focuses on physics-based modelling of grassfire behaviour over flat and sloped terrains through a set of field-scale simulations performed using the Wildland–urban Interface Fire Dynamics Simulator (WFDS), with varying wind speeds (12.5,…
Author(s): Jasmine Innocent, Duncan Sutherland, Nazmul Khan, K. A. M. Moinuddin
Year Published: