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Background
Native pinyon (Pinus spp.) and juniper (Juniperus spp.) trees are expanding into shrubland communities across the Western United States. These trees often outcompete with native sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) associated species, resulting in…
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Fire has shaped ecological communities worldwide for millennia but impacts of fire on individual species are often poorly understood. We performed a meta-analysis to predict which traits, habitat or study variables, and fire characteristics…
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Monitoring ecosystem status and recovery potential is critical for natural resource management. Recent evidence in ecological studies suggest a fundamental link between ecosystem physical structure and function, including resistance and recovery.…
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A deeper understanding of the influence of fine-scale fuel patterns on fire behavior is essential to the design of forest treatments that aim to reduce fire hazard, enhance structural complexity, and increase ecosystem function and resilience. Of…
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Building containment lines and removing fuels can bring wildland firefighters close to advancing flames. In these high-risk situations, firefighters depend on safety zones - large, open areas with little flammable material where they can retreat if…
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1. Climate, disturbance, vegetation response, and their interaction are key factors in predicting the distribution and function of ecosystems across landscapes. A range of factors, operating through different pathways, are amplifying the feedbacks…
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Background: There has been little quantification of the extent and duration of micrometeorological changes within a forest after airtanker drops of water-based suppressant. It has been speculated that a period of prolonged relative humidity –…
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The influence of forest treatments on wildfire effects is challenging to interpret. This is, in part, because the impact forest treatments have on wildfire can be slight and variable across many factors. Effectiveness of a treatment also depends on…
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Structure loss is an acute, costly impact of the wildfire crisis in the western conterminous United States (“West”), motivating the need to understand recent trends and causes. We document a 246% rise in West-wide structure loss from wildfires…
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Background
Increases in fire activity and changes in fire regimes have been documented in recent decades across the western United States. Climate change is expected to continue to exacerbate impacts to forested ecosystems by increasing the…
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Background: Previously established correlations of flame length L with fireline intensity IB are based on theory and data which showed that flame zone depth D of a line fire could be neglected if L was much greater than D.
Aims: We evaluated this…
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The surface fire spread involved slope and wind effects are significantly important in wildland fires, while very limited attention has been paid on the heat transfer mechanism, especially for different fire line conditions. This work experimentally…
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An experimental study at a laboratory scale that aims to compare the fire behaviour in two configurations: a regular flat slope and a slope with an embedded canyon. In configurations of slope with an embedded canyon, a rapid increase in the rate of…
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Wildfire spread models that couple physical transport and chemical kinetics sometimes simplify or neglect gas-phase pyrolysis product oxidation chemistry. However, empirical evidence suggests that oxygen (O2) is available for gas-phase and solid-…
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Biodiversity is in chronic decline, and extreme events - such as wildfires - can add further episodes of acute losses. Fires of increasing magnitude will often overwhelm response capacity, and decision-makers need to make choices about what to…
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As the 2023 fire season rages with unprecedented intensity in Canada, millions of people and countless animals across North America are exposed to wildfire smoke. Its harmful effects on human and animal health are only beginning to be explored in…
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Interactions between vegetation and sediment in post-fire landscapes play a critical role in sediment connectivity. Prior research has focused on the effects of vegetation removal from hillslopes, but little attention has been paid to the effects of…
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There are approximately 1.2 million firefighters in the United States. In addition to fighting fires, they also participate in various tasks including emergency rescues, providing emergency medical care, driving, operating and maintaining fire…
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Fire–vegetation feedbacks potentially maintain global savanna and forest distributions. Accordingly, vegetation in savanna and forest ecosystems should have differential responses to fire, but fire response data for herbaceous vegetation have yet to…
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An atmospheric river (AR) is a strong filamentary water vapor transport that plays a critical role in regional hydroclimate systems. While climate conditions can affect wildfire activities, the process by which ARs are associated with wildfire…
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