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Displaying 741 - 760 of 5651

The objective of this work is to model and simulate aerial drops of fire retardants in dangerous fire environments. Specifically, the work develops a computational framework for a model problem combining: [1.] A meshless discrete element component…
Author(s): T. I. Zohdi
Year Published:

Extreme wildfires are a major environmental and socioeconomic threat across many regions worldwide. The limits of fire suppression-centred strategies have become evident even in technologically well-equipped countries, due to high-cost and a legacy…
Author(s): Sven Wunder, David E. Calkin, Val Charlton, Sarah Feder, Inazio Martinez de Arano, Peter F. Moore, Francisco Rodriguez y Silva, Luca Tacconi, Cristina Vega-García
Year Published:

Tower-mounted camera-based wildfire detection systems provide an effective means of early forest fire detection. Historically, tower sites have been identified by foresters and locals with intimate knowledge of the terrain and without the aid of…
Author(s): Andries Heyns, Warren du Plessis, Kevin M. Curtin, Michael Kosch, Gavin Hough
Year Published:

Delaying protective action decision making in wildfire is inconsistent with fire authorities’ advice and is associated with fatalities. A comprehensive understanding of why at-risk residents wait and see whether they will evacuate from a wildfire or…
Author(s): Ken Strahan, John Gilbert
Year Published:

Wildfires present an increasing threat to communities through impacts that include destruction of homes or outbuildings, evacuations, damage to public infrastructure, and economic disruption. Effective fire management entails identifying and…
Author(s): Alex W. Kirkpatrick
Year Published:

Airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) represents the greatest ambient air pollution risk to health. Wildfires and managed burns, together referred to hereafter as ‘landscape’ fires, are a significant PM2.5 source in many regions worldwide, able…
Author(s): Gareth Roberts, Martin J. Wooster
Year Published:

A methodology to quantify uncertainty in wildfire forecast using coupled fire-atmosphere computational models is presented. In these models, an atmospheric solver is coupled with a fire-spread module. In order to maintain a low computational cost,…
Author(s): Umberto Ciri, Martand Mayukh Garimella, Federico Bernardoni, R. L. Bennett, Stefano Leonardi
Year Published:

Understanding how abiotic disturbance and biotic interactions determine pollinator and flowering‐plant diversity is critically important given global climate change and widespread pollinator declines. To predict responses of pollinators and…
Author(s): Joseph A. LaManna, Laura A. Burkle, R. Travis Belote, Jonathan A. Myers
Year Published:

Determining whether forest landscapes can maintain their resilience to fire – that is, their ability to rebound and sustain – given rapid climate change and increasing fire activity is a pressing challenge throughout the American West. Many western…
Author(s): Monica G. Turner
Year Published:

Wildfire is a major driver of nitrogen (N) cycling and export from terrestrial to aquatic systems. While fire is a natural process in many watersheds, it can still degrade water quality by rapidly flushing N to streams. This can be particularly…
Author(s): Rebecca N. Gustine, Erin J. Hanan, Peter R. Robichaud, William J. Elliot
Year Published:

Climate change is expected to increase fire activity in many regions of the globe, but the relative role of human vs. lightning-caused ignitions on future fire regimes is unclear. We developed statistical models that account for the spatiotemporal…
Author(s): Ana M. G. Barros, Michelle A. Day, Haiganoush K. Preisler, John T. Abatzoglou, Meg A. Krawchuk, Rachel M. Houtman, Alan A. Ager
Year Published:

In recent years Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have progressively been utilized for wildfire management, and are especially in prevalent in forest fire monitoring missions. To ensure the fast detection and accurate area estimation of forest fires,…
Author(s): Mrinmoy Sarkar, Xuyang Yan, Berat A. Erol, Ioannis Raptis, Abdollah Homaifar
Year Published:

With an increase in the frequency and severity of wildfires across the globe and resultant changes to long-established fire regimes, the mapping of fire severity is a vital part of monitoring ecosystem resilience and recovery. The emergence of…
Author(s): Samuel Hillman, Bryan Hally, Luke Wallace, Darren Turner, Arko Lucieer, Karin J. Reinke, Simon D. Jones
Year Published:

The year 2020 brought unimaginable challenges in public health, with the confluence of the COVID-19 pandemic and wildfires across the western United States. Wildfires produce high levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Recent studies reported…
Author(s): Xiaodan Zhou, Kevin Josey, Leila Kamareddine, Miah C. Caine, Tianjia Liu, Loretta J. Mickley, Matthew Cooper, Francesca Dominici
Year Published:

n August 1910, wildfires swept through 3 million acres (1.6 million ha) of heavily forested mountain country in northern Idaho and adjacent Montana. About 85 people perished in the flames, and the Forest Service’s fire protection program was caught…
Author(s): Stephen F. Arno
Year Published:

Concern about the impacts of two invasive annual brome grasses (cheatgrass and Japanese brome, Bromus tectorum L. and B. japonicus Thunb. ex Murray) on the mixed-grass prairie of North America's northern Great Plains (NGP) is growing. Cheatgrass is…
Author(s): Amy J. Symstad, Deborah A. Buhl, Daniel J. Swanson
Year Published:

The benefits of prescribed fires are recognized throughout the United States, but the ability to assist with prescribed fire application on private land by government agencies has many possible constraints and challenges. The Natural Resources…
Author(s): Ryan Wilbur, Charles Stanley, Kristie A. Maczko, John Derek Scasta
Year Published:

Following the 2020 wildfires in Australia an extremely large amount of smoke entered the stratosphere and was dispersed throughout the southern hemisphere stratosphere. However, the pathway and entry point of the smoke into the stratosphere and the…
Author(s): Leehi Magaritz-Ronen, Shira Raveh-Rubin
Year Published:

As we learn to sustainably coexist with wildfire, there is an urgent need to improve our understanding of its multidimensional impacts on society. To this end, we undertake a nationwide study to estimate how megafires (wildfires > 100,000 acres…
Author(s): Benjamin A. Jones, Shana McDermott
Year Published:

A typographical error in the original version of Table S1 as posted in 2012 has been brought to our attention. The coefficient in the Thomas (1963) equation (0.02665) is correct but the exponent should have read 0.667 and not 0.46. Any calculations…
Author(s): Martin E. Alexander, Miguel G. Cruz
Year Published: