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Wildland fire is a major global driver in the exchange of aerosols between terrestrial environments and the atmosphere. This exchange is commonly quantified using emission factors or the mass of a pollutant emitted per mass of fuel burned. However,…
Author(s): Leda N. Kobziar, Phinehas Lampman, Ali Tohidi, Adam K. Kochanski, Antonio Cervantes, Andrew T. Hudak, T. Ryan McCarley, Brian K. Gullett, Johanna Aurell, Rachel Moore, David C. Vuono, Brent C. Christner, Adam C. Watts, James Cronan, Roger D. Ottmar
Year Published:

Background The record number of wildfires in the United States in recent years has led to an increased focus on developing tools to accurately forecast their impacts at high spatial and temporal resolutions. Aims The Warn-on-Forecast System for…
Author(s): Thomas Jones, Ravan Ahmadov, Eric James, Gabriel Pereira, Saulo Freitas, Georg Grell
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Fire has always been an important component of many ecosystems, but anthropogenic global climate change is now altering fire regimes over much of Earth's land surface, spurring a more urgent need to understand the physical, biological, and chemical…
Author(s): Amy East, Amir AghaKouchak, Graziella Caprarelli, Gabriel Filippelli, Fabio Florindo, Charles H. Luce, Harihar Rajaram, Lynn M. Russell, Cristina Santin, Isaac Santos
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Particulate matter (PM) is a major primary pollutant emitted during wildland fires that has the potential to pose significant health risks to individuals/communities who live and work in areas impacted by smoke events. Limiting exposure is the…
Author(s): Russell W. Long, Shawn P. Urbanski, Emily Lincoln, Maribel Colón, Surender Kaushik, Jonathan Krug, Robert Vanderpool, Matthew S. Landis
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(1) Background: When a fire breaks out, combustibles are burned and toxic substances such as carbon monoxide (CO), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), benzene, and hydrogen cyanide are produced. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the air…
Author(s): Soo Jin Kim, Seunghon Ham
Year Published:

Prescribed fire is a useful tool for building resilient landscapes in fire-prone areas across the globe. In the western U.S., prescribed fire is employed by federal, state, and Tribal land managers and planned during particular meteorological and…
Author(s): Christopher Bone, Courtney Shultz, Heidi Huber-Stearns, Jason Kelley, Emma Cunnin
Year Published:

During a wildland fire event, firefighters often receive significant exposure to smoke consisting of particulate matter (PM) and gaseous emissions. Major respiratory and cardiovascular health concerns are related to inhalation of smoke and…
Author(s): Priya Garg, Siyan Wang, Jessica Oakes, Chiara Bellini, Michael J. Gollner
Year Published:

Background: Due to anthropogenic climate change and historic fire suppression, wildfire frequency and severity are increasing across the western United States. Whereas the indirect effects of fire on wildlife via habitat change are well studied,…
Author(s): J. Ayars, Robbie L. Emmet, Sarah B. Bassing, Olivia Sanderfoot, Sierra Raby, Alexandra Karambelas, Eric James, Ravan Ahmadov, Beth Gardner
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As the 2023 fire season rages with unprecedented intensity in Canada, millions of people and countless animals across North America are exposed to wildfire smoke. Its harmful effects on human and animal health are only beginning to be explored in…
Author(s): Michael Gross
Year Published:

As wildfire risks have elevated due to climate change, the health risks that toxicants from fire smoke pose to wildland firefighters have been exacerbated. Recently, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has reclassified wildland…
Author(s): Jooyeon Hwang, Ngee Sing Chong, Mengliang Zhang, Robert J. Agnew, Chao Xu, Zhuangjie Li, Xin Xu
Year Published:

Wildfires are increasing in frequency and intensity in part because of changing climate conditions and decades of fire suppression. Though fire is a natural ecological process in many forest ecosystems, extreme wildfires now pose a growing threat to…
Author(s): The Aspen Institute, The Nature Conservancy
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The behaviour of wildland fires and the dispersion of smoke from those fires can be strongly influenced by atmospheric turbulent flow. The science to support that assertion has developed and evolved over the past 100+ years, with contributions from…
Author(s): Warren Heilman
Year Published:

Wildfires are common occurrences worldwide that can destroy vast forest areas and kill numerous animals in a few hours. Climate change, rising global temperatures, precipitation, the introduction of exotic species of plants (e.g., eucalyptus),…
Author(s): Andreia Garcês, Isabel Pires
Year Published:

The behaviour of wildland fires and the dispersion of smoke from those fires can be strongly influenced by atmospheric turbulent flow. The science to support that assertion has developed and evolved over the past 100+ years, with contributions from…
Author(s): Warren Heilman
Year Published:

Increasing fire activity and the associated degradation in air quality in the United States has been indirectly linked to human activity via climate change. In addition, direct attribution of fires to human activities may provide opportunities for…
Author(s): Therese S. Carter, Colette L. Heald, Noelle E. Selin
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Background: Fire models use pyrolysis data from ground samples and environments that differ from wildland conditions. Two analytical methods successfully measured oxidative pyrolysis gases in wind tunnel and field fires: Fourier transform infrared (…
Author(s): David R. Weise, Timothy J. Johnson, Tanya L. Myers, Wei Min Hao, Stephen P. Baker, Javier Palarea‐Albaladejo, Nicole K. Scharko, Ashley M. Bradley, Catherine A. Banach, Russell G. Tonkyn
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The wildfire season in the Western United States (U.S.) was anomalously large in 2020, with a majority of burned area due to lightning ignitions resulting in overall fire emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) in the Western region almost 3 times the…
Author(s): Isabel S. Albores, Rebecca R. Buchholz, Ivan Ortega, Louisa K. Emmons, James W. Hannigan, Forrest Lacey, Gabriele G. Pfister, Wenfu Tang, Helen M. Worden
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Background Smoke from wildfires is a growing public health risk due to the enormous amount of smoke-related pollution that is produced and can travel thousands of kilometers from its source. While many studies have documented the physical health…
Author(s): David Eisenman, Lindsay P. Galway
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Wildland fires are a major source of gases and aerosols, and the production, dispersion, and transformation of fire emissions have significant ambient air quality impacts and climate interactions. The increase in wildfire area burned and severity…
Author(s): Shawn P. Urbanski, Russell W. Long, Hannah Halliday, Emily Lincoln, Andrew Habel, Matthew S. Landis
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Cairpol and Aeroqual air quality sensors measuring CO, CO2, NO2, and other species were tested on fresh biomass burning plumes in field and laboratory environments. We evaluated the sensors by comparing 1 min sensor measurements to collocated…
Author(s): Andrew Whitehill, Russell W. Long, Shawn P. Urbanski, Maribel Colón, Andrew Habel, Matthew S. Landis
Year Published: