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Displaying 421 - 440 of 5651

Wildfires burn annually across the United States (US), which threaten those in close proximity to them. Due to drastic alterations of soil properties and to the land surfaces by these fires, risks of flash floods, debris flows, and severe erosion…
Author(s): Jorge A. Duarte, Andrés D. González, Jonathan J. Gourley
Year Published:

This paper describes a series of tests conducted to evaluate prototype fire shelters designed to provide enhanced thermal protective insulation in wildland fire burn-over events. Full-scale laboratory and field tests are used to compare the thermal…
Author(s): Joseph P. Roise, John Williams, Roger Barker, John Morton-Aslanis
Year Published:

The wildland-urban interface (WUI), where housing is in close proximity to or intermingled with wildland vegetation, is widespread throughout the United States, but it is unclear how this type of housing development affects public lands. We used a…
Author(s): Miranda H. Mockrin, David P. Helmers, Sebastian Martinuzzi, Todd J. Hawbaker, Volker C. Radeloff
Year Published:

Wildfires pose a number of acute and chronic health threats, including increased morbidity and mortality. While much of the current literature has focused on the short-term health effects of forest fires and wildfire smoke, few reviews have sought…
Author(s): Emily Grant, Jennifer D. Runkle
Year Published:

Forest fire is a ubiquitous disaster which has a long-term impact on the local climate as well as the ecological balance and fire products based on remote sensing satellite data have developed rapidly. However, the early forest fire smoke in remote…
Author(s): Zewei Wang, Pengfei Yang, Haotian Liang, Change Zheng, Jiyan Yin, Ye Tian, Wenbin Cui
Year Published:

Increases in wildfire activity in the western United States in recent years have led to significant property loss in wildland-urban interface areas, raising difficult questions for policymakers regarding mitigation of wildfire damages and how…
Author(s): Matthew J. Wibbenmeyer, Molly Robertson
Year Published:

Wildland fire management is a complex system with various scales, modes, plans, and operations. As with any system, fire management can be subject to stresses and strains that are, in some cases, easy to identify in isolation but highly challenging…
Author(s): Nicholas McCarthy, David E. Calkin
Year Published:

This Perspective highlights the lingering consequences of nuclear disasters by examining the risks posed by wildfires that rerelease radioactive fallout originally deposited into the environment by accidents at nuclear power plants or testing of…
Author(s): Christine Eriksen
Year Published:

Earth's rapidly warming climate is propelling us towards an increasingly fire-prone future. Currently, knowledge of the extent and characteristics of animal mortality rates during fire remains rudimentary, hindering our ability to predict how animal…
Author(s): Chris J. Jolly, Christopher R. Dickman, Tim S. Doherty, Lily M. van Eeden, William L. Geary, Sarah Legge, John C. Z. Woinarski, Dale G. Nimmo
Year Published:

An analysis of a dataset (n = 58) of high-intensity wildfire observations in cured grasslands from southern Australia revealed a simple relationship suitable for quickly obtaining a first approximation of a fire’s spread rate under low dead fuel…
Author(s): Miguel G. Cruz, Martin E. Alexander, Musa Kilinc
Year Published:

Although bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) and tailed frogs (Ascaphus montanus) have co-existed in forested Pacific Northwest streams for millennia, these iconic cold-water specialists are experiencing rapid environmental change caused by a…
Author(s): David S. Pilliod, Robert S. Arkle, Russell F. Thurow, Daniel J. Isaak
Year Published:

Wildland fire suppression presents a working environment that often exceeds an energy expenditure of 20 MJ/day. Despite high levels of chronic physical exertion, we have noted maladaptive alterations in adiposity and blood lipids in a small cohort…
Author(s): Alejandro M. Rosales, Patrick S. Dodds, Walter S. Hailes, Joseph A. Sol, R.H. Coker, John C. Quindry, Brent Ruby
Year Published:

Post-fire landscapes are the frontline of forest ecosystem change. As such, they represent opportunities to foster conditions that are better adapted to future climate and wildfires with post-fire management. In western US landscapes, post-fire…
Author(s): Andrew J. Larson, Sean M.A. Jeronimo, Paul F. Hessburg, James A. Lutz, Nicholas A. Povak, C. Alina Cansler, Van R. Kane, Derek J. Churchill
Year Published:

A detailed description is given of double burner fire whirls that are similar in structure to the type of combined whirls seen in nature. The whirls are generated using the fixed frame method, and two burners are placed symmetrically about the…
Author(s): Katherine A. Hartl, Alexander J. Smits
Year Published:

Invasions of native plant communities by non-native species present major challenges for ecosystem management and conservation. Invasive annual grasses such as cheatgrass, medusahead, and ventenata are pervasive and continue to expand their…
Author(s): Bryan C. Tarbox, Nathan D. Van Schmidt, Jessica E. Shyvers, D. Joanne Saher, Julie A. Heinrichs, Cameron L. Aldridge
Year Published:

Fire behavior and intensity vary within and between fires, mediated by factors such as slope, aspect, elevation, fuel loading and vegetation type. These influences create a mosaic of burn severity, shaping forests around the world. These burn…
Author(s): Brooke R. Saari
Year Published:

Societies must learn to live with, and adapt to wildfire risk. Here we examine wildfire governance and policy in British Columbia (BC), Canada over the last two decades, to examine how policy lessons are drawn from wildfire events. We focus on…
Author(s): William Nikolakis, Emma Roberts
Year Published:

At a fundamental level, smoke from wildland fire is of scientific concern because of its potential adverse effects on human health and social well-being. Although many impacts (e.g., evacuations, property loss) occur primarily in proximity to the…
Author(s): Sarah M. McCaffrey, Ana G. Rappold, Mary Clare Hano, Kathleen M. Navarro, Tanya F. Phillips, Jeffrey P. Prestemon, Ambarish Vaidyanathan, Karen L. Abt, Colleen Reid, Jason D. Sacks
Year Published:

Fire is a natural agent with a paramount role in ecosystem functioning and biodiversity maintenance. Still, it can also act as a negative force against many ecosystems. Despite some knowledge of the interactions of fire and vegetation, there is no…
Author(s): Tania Marisol González, Juan David González-Trujillo, Alberto Muñoz, Dolors Armenteras
Year Published:

This work experimentally investigates the fire spread of discrete fuels by using fuel beds of laser-cut cardboards in a wind tunnel. Two distinct particle ignition modes are identified: under lower wind speed and packing ratio, a part of the tilted…
Author(s): Qianqian He, Naian Liu, Xiaodong Xie, Linhe Zhang, Jaio Lei, Yang Zhang, Di Wu
Year Published: